AE 403W Senior Design Project · San Diego State University · Spring 2026
We are a team of four aerospace engineering students at SDSU building a radio-controlled Wing in Ground Effect (WIG) vehicle — a craft that exploits the aerodynamic advantage of flying very close to a surface to dramatically increase efficiency. Our prototype demonstrates ground effect at RC scale using 3D printing, carbon fiber, and a custom flight controller setup.
Ground effect occurs when a wing flies within roughly one wingspan of the ground. The surface disrupts wingtip vortices, reducing induced drag and increasing lift — meaning the vehicle can fly faster or carry more weight for the same power.
Airfoil: FX 63-137 — high-lift, low-speed, proven in ground effect vehicle designs
Wingspan: 5.4 ft (5.8 ft with winglets)
Mean Chord: 12 inches | Wing Area: 5.4 ft² | Outboard Anhedral: 15°
Propulsion: 4× BrotherHobby Tornado T5 3115 Pro motors, 4× Skywalker V2 ESCs
Battery: 2× Ovonic 6S LiPo 5200mAh | PDB: Matek X Class 12S
Flight Controller: Holybro Pixhawk 6C with dual GPS (PX4 / ArduPilot)
Rangefinder: Benewake TFmini-S LiDAR altimeter for ride height measurement
RC System: RadioMaster Boxer + ELRS receiver | Telemetry: 3DR 500mW 915MHz kit
Structure: 3D printed ASA + ABS over carbon fiber spar skeleton
Servos: 5× Hosyond DS3225 25kg high-torque metal gear
Drag to rotate · Scroll to zoom · Right-click to pan
Drag to rotate · Scroll to zoom · Right-click to pan
To cut down on print times and eliminate dependence on shared lab printers, the team purchased a Bambu Lab P2S — dramatically reducing turnaround per part. Fuselage sections 1–4 and section 6 are complete (40 hrs done); nose cone and section 5 are still printing, with wings and tail queued after. Wiring diagram finalized. Control surfaces designed and nose cone redesigned; servo hatches in progress.
Bench testing motors underway — measuring thrust output, amp draw, motor and ESC temperature, and checking for voltage sag under load. Full system integration bench test planned once remaining parts arrive. Still on order: Pixhawk 6C, 3DR Radio Telemetry Kit, RadioMaster ELRS Receiver.
Motors, ESCs, batteries, propellers, carbon fiber spars, and all filament arrived. Nose cone, fuselage sections 1–3, and wing section 1 completed on the printer.
Design locked: FX 63-137 airfoil, AR=5.4, 5.4ft wingspan, 4-motor distributed propulsion. Full SolidWorks assembly completed. Proposal submitted and approved.
Researched historical WIG vehicles (Caspian Sea Monster, Lun class, Orlyonok). Completed airfoil trade study comparing FX 63-137, NACA 4412, and GAW-1. Selected FX 63-137 for its superior low-speed high-lift characteristics.
3D Print Progress — Wing Component
Build Photos